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domenica 17 marzo 2013

APPALTO DI SERVIZI: RESPONSABILITA' SOLIDALE PER LE RITENUTE FISCALI SUI REDDITI DA LAVORO DIPENDENTE


L’Agenzia delle Entrate ha fornito i primi chiarimenti sull’applicabilità della recente norma­tiva (art. 13-ter DL 83/2012 conv. in L. 134/2012) che disci­plina la responsabilità solidale di appaltatore e subappaltatore per il versamento all’Erario delle ritenute fiscali sui redditi di lavoro dipendente e dell’IVA dovuta dal subappaltatore in relazione alle prestazioni effettuate nell’ambito del rapporto, nei limiti dell’ammontare del corrispettivo dovuto.
Ambito di applicazione
La disposizione si applica - partire dal 12 agosto 2012 - ai contratti di appalto e subappalto intesi nella loro generalità, a prescindere dal settore economico in cui operano le parti con­traenti, sia nell’ipotesi in cui vi sia un contratto di subappalto (che presuppone la coesistenza di almeno tre soggetti economici distinti - committente, appaltatore e subappaltatore), sia nell’ipotesi in cui l’appaltatore provveda direttamente alla realizzazione dell’opera affidata­gli dal committente.
Precisazioni 1) Sono escluse dal campo di applicazione le tipologie contrattuali diverse dal contratto di appalto di opere e servizi, quali, ad esempio, gli appalti di fornitura dei beni, il contratto d’opera (art. 2222 c.c.), di trasporto (artt. 1678 e s. c.c.) o di subfornitura (L. 192/98) e le prestazioni rese nell’ambito del rapporto consortile.
2) L'eventuale rinnovo del contratto deve ritenersi equivalente ad una nuova stipula e pertanto la dis­ciplina in esame è applicabile - a partire dalla data di rinnovo - anche ai contratti rinnovati dopo il 12 agosto 2012.
Attestazione della regolarità fiscale: casi particolari
In caso di più contratti intercorrenti tra le medesime parti, la certificazione attestante la regolar­ità dei versamenti delle ritenute sui redditi di lavoro dipendente e dell’IVA relativi al con­tratto d’appalto, può essere:
- rilasciata in modo unitario;
- fornita anche con cadenza periodica, fermo restando che al momento del pagamento deve essere attestata la regolarità di tutti i versamenti relativi alle ritenute e all’IVA scaduti a tale data, che non siano stati oggetto di precedente attestazione.
Con riferimento alle ipotesi in cui l’appaltatore o il subappaltatore cedano il proprio credito a terzi, possono trovare applicazione le indicazioni fornite con riferimento alle ipotesi di ces­sione del credito nell’ambito della disciplina sui pagamenti delle PA, in forza delle quali le PA, prima di effettuare a qualunque titolo il pagamento di importi superiori a € 10.000, veri­ficano la regolarità fiscale del beneficiario e, in caso di irregolarità, possono sospendere il relativo pagamento (art. 48-bis DPR 602/73).
Precisazioni 1) Con riferimento ai pagamenti effettuati mediante bonifico bancario (o altri strumenti che non consentono al beneficiario l’immediata disponibilità della somma versata), occorre attestare la regolarità dei versamenti fiscali scaduti al momento in cui il committente o l’appaltatore effettuano la disposizione bancaria e non anche di quelli scaduti al momento del successivo accreditamento delle somme al beneficiario.
2) La regolarità fiscale relativa ai rapporti riferibili al credito oggetto di cessione può essere attestata nel momento in cui il cedente (appaltatore o subappaltore) dà notizia della cessione al debitore ceduto (committente o appaltatore).
Circ. AE 1°marzo 2013 n. 2

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